| Medical condition | Study design | Data support significant association | Comments |
| Hypertension | Cross sectional (prevalence) | Yes | Cross sectional studies have shown that OSA is associated with hypertension independent of obesity Adults with OSA are almost 3 times more likely to develop hypertension compared to those with no OSA |
| Prospective cohort (incidence) | Yes | ||
| Coronary heart disease | Cross sectional (prevalence) | Yes | Adults with severe OSA (AHI >30 events per h) have more fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events No prospective data assessing OSA and risk of developing coronary heart disease in adult populations |
| Prospective cohort (incidence) | NA | ||
| Stroke | Cross sectional (prevalence) | Yes | OSA is common in patients that have had a stroke Moderate-to-severe OSA is an independent risk factor for stroke Severe OSA is a risk for development of ischaemic stroke |
| Prospective cohort (incidence) | Yes | ||
| Metabolic disorders | Cross sectional (prevalence) | Yes | OSA is associated with insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes Prospective studies assessing the risk of developing diabetes show conflicting results or show weak associations at best |
| Prospective cohort (incidence) | Yes | ||
| Heart failure | Cross sectional (prevalence) | Yes | Adults with OSA are 2 times more likely to have heart failure after adjusting for important confounders No prospective data assessing OSA and risk of developing left ventricular hypertrophy or heart failure |
| Prospective cohort (incidence) | NA | ||
| Atrial fibrillation | Cross sectional (prevalence) | Yes | Atrial fibrillation common in OSA patients OSA is independently associated with atrial fibrillation, though no data are available to support the risk of incident events |
| Prospective cohort (incidence) | NA |
NA: not available; AHI: apnoea–hypopnoea index.