Table 3 Causes of increased plasma levels of fibrin D-dimer
CausesExamples
Arterial or venous thromboembolic diseaseStroke, myocardial infarction, DVT, pulmonary embolism
Disseminated intravascular coagulation or infectionCan be seen in sepsis, malignancy and obstetric mishaps.
Normal pregnancy or (pre)eclampsia
Surgery or trauma
Renal diseaseNephrotic syndrome, renal failure
Liver diseaseDue to decreased clearance
Malignancy

  • Data from [3–5].