Indications, contraindications and complications from endobronchial laser treatment
| Indications | Contraindications | Complications |
| Palliation | Extrinsic compression | Fire |
| Debulking of endobronchial tumour and immediate palliation of endobronchial obstruction due to lung primary/metastasis (e.g. prostate, oesophagus, colon, etc.) | Broncho-oesophageal fistula | Fistula formationHypoxaemia |
| Treatment | Coagulopathy | Bleeding |
| Endobronchial early stage lung cancer not amenable to conventional treatment (surgery, radiotherapy), including typical carcinoids | Airway wall necrosis | |
| Endobronchial stenosis due to benign conditions | Air embolism | |
| Previous intubation/tracheostomy, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, sarcoidosis etc. | Respiratory insufficiency secondary to aspiration of smoke produced by laser | |
| Benign endobronchial lesions e.g. papilloma, fibroma, leiomyoma etc | Pneumothorax | |
| Peri-/postoperative cardiac-cerebral incidents | ||
| Pneumomediastinum | ||
| Debris/blood clot formation |