Table 1

Selected trials with hyper-fractionated regimes

Author, year [ref.]	Design	Patients n	Chemotherapy	Radiation dose/fractionation	Results		Oesophagitis  grade 3–4
Author, year [ref.]	Design	Patients n	Chemotherapy	Radiation dose/fractionation		p-value^#		p-value^#
Turrisi, 1999 [26]	Phase III	417	EP	45 Gy/1.5 Gy twice daily	Median OS 23 months, 5-year OS 26%	0.04	27%	<0.001
Turrisi, 1999 [26]	Phase III	417	EP	45 Gy/1.8 Gy once daily	Median OS 19 months, 5-year OS 16%	0.04	11%	<0.001
Schild, 2004 [22]	Phase III	261	EP	50.4 Gy/1.8 Gy once daily	Median OS 20.6 months, 5-year OS 21%	0.68	5%	0.05
Schild, 2004 [22]	Phase III	261	EP	48 Gy/1.5 Gy twice daily (with a 2.5 week break inbetween)	Median OS 20.6 months, 5-year OS 22%	0.68	12%	0.05
Komaki, 2012 [27]	Phase II	71	EP	39.6 Gy/1.8 Gy once daily followed by 21.6 Gy/1.8 Gy	Median OS 19 months, 2-year OS 36.6%	N/A	18%	N/A
Gronberg, 2016 [28]	Phase II	157	EP	42 Gy/2.8 Gy once daily	Median OS 18.8 months	0.61	31%	0.80
Gronberg, 2016 [28]	Phase II	157	EP	45 Gy/1.5 Gy twice daily	Median OS 25.1 months	0.61	33%	0.80
Faivre-Finn, 2016 [29]	Phase III	547	EP	66 Gy/2 Gy once daily	Median OS 25 months, 2-year OS 51%	0.15	19%	No statistical difference
Faivre-Finn, 2016 [29]	Phase III	547	EP	45 Gy/1.5 Gy twice daily	Median OS 30 months, 2-year OS 56%	0.15	19%	No statistical difference

EP: etoposide and cisplatin-based chemotherapy; OS: overall survival. ^#: statistical significance p≤0.05.