Figures
- Figure 1
Normal chest radiograph.
- Figure 2
Ultrasound of the abdomen. a) Oblique axial image of the left kidney, showing an ill-defined heterogeneous hypoechogenic mass lesion, possibly arising from the upper and interpolar regions of the left kidney. b) Long-axis sagittal view of the left kidney, confirming the mass is located in the upper pole.
- Figure 3
CECT of the abdomen, showing a) coronal view, arterial phase, and b) axial view at the upper lumbar level, T12 to L1 vertebral level.
- Figure 4
CT of the thorax, showing a) lungs at T3 vertebral level, b) lungs at T7 vertebral level, and c) post-contrast mediastinal view at T7 vertebral level.
- Figure 5
Gross specimen, showing a) the outer surface of the nephrectomy specimen with intact perinephric fat, and b) the cut surface of the left kidney, which shows an ill-defined tumour mass with a variegated appearance situated in the upper pole.
- Figure 6
Haematoxylin and eosin stain at a) 100× and b) 400× magnification. Tumour cells are arranged in sheets and lobular pattern, with malignant clear cells diagnostic of RCC.
Tables
- Table 1
Investigation results
Parameter Result Haemoglobin g·dL-1 13.2 Total leukocyte count cells·mm-3 6400 Differential leukocyte count % Neutrophils 59 Lymphocytes 39 Eosinophils 2 Monocytes 0 ESR mm·h-1 112 Liver and renal function tests Normal FBS mg·dL-1 159 PPBS mg·dL-1 200 Urine routine examination No abnormality detected Haemoglobin A1c % 7.3 Peripheral smear examination for malaria parasite Negative Serology (HIV, HCV, HBsAg) Negative ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FBS: fasting blood sugar; PPBS: post-prandial blood sugar; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HBsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen.
