NIV | Check effectiveness (built-in software, polygraphy, polysomnography) [12, 17] |
Obstructive events | Increase EPAP [16, 24, 25] |
| Decrease ventilator support [12, 16, 24, 25] |
| Reduce inspiratory time [12, 16, 24, 25] |
| Switch to volume assist/control mode [12, 16, 24, 25] |
Orofacial muscle weakness | Switch from nasal or MPV during day to a nasal mask with chin strap, leap-seal MPV or an oronasal mask [18] |
Sialorrhoea | Anticholinergic drugs [30] |
| Botulinum toxin [30] |
| Radiotherapy [30] |
Respiratory secretions | Assisted coughing techniques [3, 11, 12, 26, 27, 29] |
MI-E | Optimal adjustments and individualised settings (laryngoscopy or waveforms analysis) [26, 27] |
Obstruction during insufflation | Decrease insufflation pressure [26, 27] |
Obstruction during exsufflation | Decrease exsufflation pressure [26, 27] |