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Croup: diagnosis and treatment

M. Canciani, A. Morittu, B. Del Pin
Breathe 2006 2: 332-338; DOI: 10.1183/18106838.0204.332
M. Canciani
Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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  • For correspondence: mario.kanzian@med.uniud.it
A. Morittu
Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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B. Del Pin
Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Abstract

Key points

  • The term “croup” refers to a clinical syndrome characterised by barking cough, inspiratory stridor and hoarseness of voice.

  • The standard work-up for clinical diagnosis includes the assessment of skin colour, hydration, breath sounds and air movement.

  • The most important aspect in the treatment of patients with croup is airway maintenance.

  • The standard management of croup includes corticosteroids and L-adrenalin.

  • L-adrenalin is used because it is safe, cheap and available across the world.

Educational aims

  • To provide information on how to diagnose, treat and hospitalise patients with croup.

  • To enable clinicians to determine the appropriate treatment for every situation, according to score.

  • To explain the rationale of treatment.

Summary “croup” (laryngotracheobronchitis) is a common illness during the first 6 years of childhood, which is characterised by barking cough, inspiratory stridor and hoarseness of voice. Patients with atypical features in whom the diagnosis is questionable or unclear should have a work-up to exclude other less common entities.

The most important aspect of the treatment is airway maintenance, and standard management includes corticosteroids and L-adrenalin.

Inhaled L-adrenalin has a transient beneficial effect on airway obstruction in children; even if it is not a definitive treatment, it may allow time for the basic pathology to resolve.

  • ©ERS 2006

Breathe articles are open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licence 4.0.

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Croup: diagnosis and treatment
M. Canciani, A. Morittu, B. Del Pin
Breathe Jun 2006, 2 (4) 332-338; DOI: 10.1183/18106838.0204.332

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Croup: diagnosis and treatment
M. Canciani, A. Morittu, B. Del Pin
Breathe Jun 2006, 2 (4) 332-338; DOI: 10.1183/18106838.0204.332
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