Figures
- Figure 1
Central dogma of mRNA. The information encoded in genes in the DNA is transcribed and copied to single stranded RNA by RNA polymerase. This process is modulated by transcription factors, which can act as enhancers and repressors of transcription. The information in messenger (m)RNA is subsequently translated into protein by the ribosomes, which use the mRNA as a template to form polypeptide chains of amino acids.
- Figure 2
DNA packaging diagram. The structure of DNA packaging.
- Figure 3
Histone modifications alter DNA accessibility. DNA in the condensed heterochromatin state is tightly wound around the histone core. The tight coiling prevents other DNA binding proteins, such as RNA polymerase or transcription factors, from accessing the DNA. In the euchromatin state the histones are less closely associated with DNA and transcription is able to occur. The change between euchromatin and heterochromatin is a dynamic process regulated by modifications to the histone proteins. These modifications include acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation. TF: transcription factor; RNA pol: RNA polymerase.
- Figure 4
Genetically identical agouti mice. Agouti mice, which are genetically identical, show different coat patterns due to altered maternal diet. The diet alters the methylation of the agouti gene, changing its expression.
Jump To
- Article
- Abstract
- Introduction
- DNA methylation
- DNA methylation plays a key role in lung development
- DNA methylation is important for the immune response
- DNA methylation plays a key role in lung cancer
- DNA packaging
- Histone modifications
- Histone acetylation
- Other histone modifications
- Role of histone modifications in lung diseases
- Non-coding RNAs
- Environmental factors alter the epigenetic profile
- Conclusion
- Footnotes
- References
- Figures & Data
- Info & Metrics