PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Riha, Renata L. TI - Defining obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: a failure of semantic rules AID - 10.1183/20734735.0082-2021 DP - 2021 Sep 01 TA - Breathe PG - 210082 VI - 17 IP - 3 4099 - http://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/17/3/210082.short 4100 - http://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/17/3/210082.full SO - Breathe2021 Sep 01; 17 AB - Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is one of the most ubiquitous medical conditions in industrialised society. Since the recognition that symptoms of excessive daytime somnolence, problems with concentration, mood and cognitive impairment, as well as cardiometabolic abnormalities can arise as a consequence of obstructed breathing during sleep, it has been subject to variation in its definition. Over the past five decades, attempts have been made to standardise the definitions and scoring criteria used for apnoeas and hypopnoea, which are the hallmarks of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, applying these definitions in clinical and research practice has resulted in over- and under-estimation of the severity and prevalence of OSAS. Furthermore, the definitions may eventually become redundant in the context of rapid technological advances in breathing measurement and other signal acquisition. Increased efforts towards precision medicine have led to a focus on the pathophysiology of obstructed breathing during sleep. However, the same degree of effort has not been focused on how and why the latter does or does not result in diurnal symptoms, integral to the definition of OSAS. This review focuses on OSAS in adults and discusses some of the difficulties with current definitions and the possible reasons behind them.The definition of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome appears to be in constant flux dependent on the definitions attributed to its diagnostic components https://bit.ly/3zXrWKg