PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Laura E. Gleeson
AU  - Grant Waterer
TI  - Beyond antibiotics: recent developments in the diagnosis and management of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection
AID  - 10.1183/20734735.0171-2021
DP  - 2022 Jun 01
TA  - Breathe
PG  - 210171
VI  - 18
IP  - 2
4099  - http://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/18/2/210171.short
4100  - http://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/18/2/210171.full
SO  - Breathe2022 Jun 01; 18
AB  - Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary disease represents a significant clinical challenge with suboptimal therapy and increasing prevalence globally. Although clinical practice guidelines seek to standardise the approach to diagnosis and treatment of NTM disease, a lack of robust evidence limits their utility and significant variability exists in clinical practice. Here we walk through some novel approaches in diagnosis and therapy that are under development to tackle a disease where traditional strategies are failing.Educational aimsTo recognise the growing prevalence and importance of NTM pulmonary disease globally.To identify shortfalls in current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, and highlight the challenges that must be addressed in future research and development efforts.To appreciate the role of novel therapeutic approaches such as immunomodulation of host defence, and to explore some examples of burgeoning therapies.Prevalence of NTM disease is rising globally, yet current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are lacking. This review describes some burgeoning diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, but it is clear that real progress will need more focused attention. https://bit.ly/3O0K2SP