RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: case report and literature review
JF Breathe
JO Breathe
FD European Respiratory Society
SP 220170
DO 10.1183/20734735.0170-2022
VO 18
IS 4
A1 Vardah Alam
A1 Alexandra M. Nanzer
YR 2022
UL http://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/18/4/220170.abstract
AB Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), previously known as Churg–Strauss syndrome, is a multisystem disorder characterised by asthma, blood and tissue eosinophilia and small-vessel vasculitis. Eosinophilic tissue infiltration and extravascular granuloma formation can lead to damage in any organ, but it is classically seen to cause pulmonary infiltrates, sino-nasal disease, peripheral neuropathy, renal and cardiac involvement, and rashes.EGPA is part of the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis syndromes, with the antibody being detected in ∼30–40% of cases and mostly against myeloperoxidase. Two genetically and clinically distinct phenotypes, defined by the presence or absence of ANCA have been identified. Treatment for EGPA focuses on inducing and maintaining disease remission. To date, oral corticosteroids remain first-line agents whilst second-line treatments include immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil. However, long-term steroid usage results in multiple and well-known adverse health effects and new insights into the pathophysiology of EGPA have allowed for the development of targeted biologic therapies, like the anti-eosinophilic, anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibodies.EGPA is a rare, multisystem disorder. Whilst effective, treatment with corticosteroids is associated with a high burden of side-effects. Deeper understanding of the pathophysiology is allowing for the development of novel therapeutic options. https://bit.ly/3Dv4nMa