| Complex treatment schedule | Difficulties in scheduling appointments | Poor understanding of disease or treatment |
| Lack of an immediately discernible beneficial effect | Lack of empathy and interest from clinician | Lack of trust in healthcare professionals |
| Adverse effects | Rotating physicians | Psychological problems or psychiatric illness |
| Cost, reimbursement problems | Physician provides information, but leaves little room for questions and concerns | Social issues (poverty, lack of healthcare insurance, lack of family (medication taking) routines) |
| | Illness perceptions and medication beliefs hampering motivation to adhere |