Test measures that it is possible to calculate or estimate by each validation technique
| Technique | PPV | NPV | Sensitivity | Specificity |
| Manual validation of physical records | Can be calculated | Can be calculated | Can be calculated | Can be calculated |
| Questionnaires for healthcare practitioners or patients | Can be calculated | Can be calculated | ||
| Validation of machine-learning algorithms | Can be calculated | Can be calculated | Can be calculated | Can be calculated |
| Comparison to an external database (complete overlap) | Can be calculated | Can be calculated | Can be calculated | Can be calculated |
| Comparison of rates in a comparable population | Estimate only | Estimate only | ||
| Internal validation using additional parameters | Estimate only | Estimate only | ||
| Internal validation using free text in the database | Estimate only | Estimate only | ||
| Sensitivity analyses using restrictive algorithms |