Causes of cystic lung disease
| Associated with genetic mutations | Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (tuberous sclerosis-associated and sporadic) |
| Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome and other folliculin deficiencies | |
| Proteus syndrome, neurofibromatosis, Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome | |
| Neoplastic | Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, other histiocytoses (e.g. Erdheim–Chester disease) |
| Metastatic sarcoma, cavitating adenocarcinomas | |
| Benign metastasising leiomyoma | |
| Associated with lymphoproliferative disorders | Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia |
| Follicular bronchiolitis | |
| Amyloidosis | |
| Light chain deposition disease | |
| IgG4-related disease | |
| Associated with infections | Pneumocystis jirovecii |
| Staphylococcal pneumonia | |
| Respiratory papillomatosis | |
| Parasitic and fungal diseases (e.g. coccidiocomycosis, paragonimiasis) | |
| Occupational and environmental | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (e.g. farmer's lung, bird fanciers' lung) |
| Hard metal lung disease (tungsten carbide sensitisation) | |
| Chronic beryllium disease (beryllium sensitisation) | |
| Respiratory bronchiolitis associated interstitial lung disease (smoking/? vaping) | |
| Hut lung (biomass fuels) | |
| Associated with interstitial lung disease | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis |
| Honeycombing in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | |
| Honeycombing in asbestosis and other pneumoconioses | |
| Conditions that may mimic cystic lung disease | Emphysema |
| α1-antitrypsin deficiency | |
| Bronchiectasis | |
| Sarcoidosis | |
| Cavities in rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, coal workers' pneumoconiosis (Caplan's syndrome) |