Table 1

Summary of results

Medication	Incidence	Mortality
Aspirin	No effect	No effect
		Risk reduction of 13–19% for deaths of lung cancer patients when taken ≥1.5 years (aHR^# 0.81 and aHR^¶ 0.87)
Statins	No effect	Dose-dependent risk reduction of 23% in subjects with cumulative use for ≥1.5 years (aHR^#^,¶ 0.77)
Metformin	Reduced for ever-users (aHR^¶ 0.89)	Reduced risk in diabetic subjects with ≥1.5 years metformin use (aHR^¶ 0.76) compared to those who did not take metformin
	Reduced in subjects with ≥1.5 years of metformin use (aHR^¶ 0.44)
Triple combination	Reduced for ever-users (aHR^# 0.83)	Reduced for ever-users (aHR^# 0.83)
	Reduced in subjects with ≥1.5 years of combination drug use (aHR^# 0.49)	Reduced in subjects with ≥1.5 years of combination drug use (aHR^# 0.42)

aHR: adjusted hazard ratio. ^#: adjustment for age, sex, income, body mass index, smoking, alcohol comsumption and Charlson comorbidity index; ^¶: additional adjustment for other medication use (e.g. aspirin use was adjusted for statin use and metformin use).