Antenatal and postnatal associations with development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia-pulmonary hypertension [18–20]
| Antenatal associations | Postnatal associations |
| Small for gestation | Sepsis |
| Oligohydramnios | Early pulmonary hypertension (at <7 days of age) |
| Maternal diabetes | Systemic steroids |
| Ventilation duration | |
| High-frequency oscillatory ventilation | |
| Tracheostomy | |
| Tracheitis | |
| Retinopathy of prematurity | |
| Length of hospital stay |